![]() ![]() From a clinical point of view recurrence (p <. Clinical features, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging data were analyzed and compared in the two groups (TEA and TGA).ĭiagnosis of TEA, according to Zeman's criteria, was made in 15 patients (18%). Moreover, patients with borderline epileptiform abnormalities on st-EEG or with normal st-EEG but high clinical suspicion for TEA underwent a 16-channel 24-hour ambulatory EEG (24-h EEG). All patients underwent neurological evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, and standard 21-channel scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recording (standard EEG ). We retrospectively collected clinical data of 83 patients who accessed our emergency ward for an abrupt onset of amnesic disorder, initially interpreted as TGA. We designed this study to evaluate the actual frequency of TEA in a real-life scenario and to highlight the features that can help clinicians distinguishing it from TGA. Seizure 23(10):921.Transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) is an underestimated condition in emergency clinical setting, where most of transient amnesic episodes tend to be classified as transient global amnesia (TGA). ![]() īrigo F, Igwe SC, Nardone R (2014) Transient global amnesia and the forgotten EEG pattern. Rathore C, Prakash S, Rana K, Makwana P (2021) Prevalence of benign epileptiform variants from an EEG laboratory in India and frequency of their misinterpretation. Szabo K, Hoyer C, Caplan LR et al (2020) Diffusion-weighted MRI in transient global amnesia and its diagnostic implications. Williamson J, Larner AJ (2015) Transient global amnesia. Basic principles, clinical applications, and related fields, 7th ed, New York: Oxford University Press, pp 319–330.Īzman Iste F, Tezer Filik FI, Saygi S (2020) SREDA: A rare but confusing benign EEG variant. In: Schomer DL, Lopes da Silva FH (eds) Niedermeyer’s electroencephalography. (09)70344-8Įdwards JC, Kutluay E (2018) Patterns of unclear significance. Accessed 5 February 2022īartsch T, Deuschl G (2010) Transient global amnesia: functional anatomy and clinical implications. In: Mendez MF, Edlow JA, Tung GA, Wilterdink JL, eds. Mahler ME (2022) Transient global amnesia. Īlessandro L, Ricciardi M, Chaves H, Allegri RF (2020) Acute amnestic syndromes. There may be atypical variants (e.g., frontal SREDA), but there is no posterior slowing nor abolition of the background alpha rhythm. Its pathophysiology is unknown and it has been suggested that could be related to hypoxia in bordering parietooccipital-temporoparietal areas. It can evolve, resembling epileptic seizures, being a diagnostic challenge. ![]() Among them, SREDA is a very infrequent (prevalence of 0.04–0.07%) and enigmatic variant, composed of a delta-theta rhythm at 2–6 Hz (usually theta at 5–6 Hz), with spiky morphology, generalized distribution (maximum in posterior regions), which usually appears among older adults (mean age of 52 years), while awake or in light sleep (stage 1 of NREM sleep) and during hyperventilation, lasting 40–80 s, with a sudden onset and end. They are found in about 12% of the EEGs performed, being misinterpreted as epileptiform discharges in up to 30% of patients by the general neurologist. Normal EEG variants of uncertain significance represent rhythms or waves that mimic interictal and ictal disturbances. ![]()
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